Public Health: Lifestyle Changes May Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Education: The Medical Curriculum Goes Digital Structural Biology: Cell Adhesion Receptor Caught on Bended Knee Psychiatry: Depression Linked to Hot Spot in Brain Resources: Digital Library Now Open for Business to HMS, HSPH ID Holders International Health: Armenise Speakers Advance Understanding of Cancer Biology, Genomics New Books: Autumn Bookshelf Early Treatment of Seizure Patients May Limit Harm Racial Disparities and Overuse Shown in Cardiac Revascularization Some Residents Feel Unprepared for Certain Patient Populations Potential Diabetes Culprit Identified Forsyth Institute Seeks Past Patients to Promote Children's Oral Health Multicultural Affairs Reception Honors the Incoming Students Mass. Health Donates Books to Countway New Arrivals Welcomed to Longwood Honors and Advances News Briefs Medical Frontiers: Where Art and Science Meet Global Economics German Students Help Blaze New Pathway in Munich Front Page

THE AUTUMN BOOKSHELF Recent Books by Faculty and Students of Harvard Medical, Dental, and Public Health Schools David Chernin and Gerald Shklar, Editors Joan Thomas, Translator Bartholomaeus Eustachius: A Little Treatise on the Teeth Science History Publications Renaissance anatomist Bartholomaeus Eustachius was apparently as deft with 16th century institutional politics as he was with his illustrations and descriptions of muscles, nerves, and bones. Readers will appreciate both text and subtext of this first English translation of Eustachius's 1563 A Little Treatise on the Teeth, billed as the first authoritative book on dentistry. The editors—David Chernin, HSDM clinical instructor in restorative dentistry, and Gerald Shklar, the Charles A. Brackett professor emeritus of oral pathology—write that in many ways his anatomical studies were more detailed and comprehensive than those of his more famous contemporary Andreas Vesalius, considered the father of gross anatomy. Vesalius used human autopsies to overturn a thousand years of scholarly medical dogma built upon Galen's teachings, which were based on dissections of nonhuman animals. Unfortunately for Eustachius—professor at the Vatican College and physician to the Pope—the church backed Galen's ideas. Eustachius avoided the bolder dissent of Vesalius and Leonardo da Vinci yet managed substantial contributions to the development of science. Enrique Bimstein, Howard L. Needleman, Nadeem Karimbux, and Thomas E. Van Dyke, Editors Periodontal and Gingival Health and Diseases: Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Martin Dunitz According to this new text, gingival and periodontal diseases make up the most widespread infections of humankind. Though largely considered problems of adulthood, these disorders also can manifest in childhood. Research from fields such as molecular biology, genetics, immunology, and microbiology have advanced opportunities for prevention and treatment of these complex diseases in children, adolescents, and young adults. The authors, including Howard Needleman, HMS clinical professor of growth and development at Children's Hospital, and Nadeem Karimbux, HSDM assistant professor of periodontology, provide practitioners with the up-to-date information they will need for diagnosing and treating gingival and periodontal diseases in their young patients. Eugene Braunwald, Anthony S. Fauci, Dennis L. Kasper, Stephen L. Hauser, Dan L. Longo, and J. Larry Jameson, Editors Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th Edition McGraw–Hill This new edition of the authoritative reference for the practice of internal medicine includes dozens of new chapters in the text, which covers basic science, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and the latest treatment guidelines. One of the new features focuses on how advances in genetic research may affect patient care. A discussion of screening, prevention, and counseling for genetic disorders also appears in a new chapter. Among the editors are Eugene Braunwald, HMS faculty dean for academic programs at the Partners Healthcare System and the Hersey distinguished professor of theory and practice of physic at HMS, and Dennis Kasper, HMS executive dean for academic programs and professor of microbiology and molecular genetics. Andrew Spielman and Michael D'Antonio Mosquito: A Natural History of Our Most Persistent and Deadly Foe Hyperion This book was written as a collaboration between Andrew Spielman, professor of tropical public health in the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases at HSPH, and Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Michael D'Antonio. Noting that mosquitoes transmit more human disease than any other living agent, the authors nevertheless aim to convince readers "to respect and, perhaps, admire the mosquito as something more than just a pest or a vector of disease." Taking a "mosquito's-eye view," they describe the insect's life cycle and behavior. They recount the causes and consequences of mosquito-borne disease episodes ranging from malaria in ancient Rome to yellow fever in 19th century New Orleans to the current West Nile fever scare. And they describe historical and contemporary scientific efforts directed at understanding and controlling this formidable foe. Eugene Braunwald, Douglas Zipes, and Peter Libby, Editors Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine W.B. Saunders "Cardiovascular disease is now, more than ever, a global problem with enormous economic consequences," the editors write in their preface. At the same time, the field of cardiology has undergone tremendous expansion, with advances on many fronts. This sixth edition of Eugene Braunwald's classic is designed to help clinicians keep abreast of new knowledge so they can address the diverse needs of their patients. Braunwald, the Hersey distinguished professor of theory and practice of physic at HMS, is joined for the first time in this edition by Douglas Zipes, of Indiana University School of Medicine, and Peter Libby, the Mallinckrodt professor of medicine at HMS. They have collected 30 new chapters, and the remaining 42 have been extensively revised and updated. P.L.M. Dahia and C. Eng, Editors Genetic Disorders of Endocrine Neoplasia Karger Co-edited by Patricia Dahia, HMS instructor in medicine at the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute, this volume reviews inherited syndromes that confer susceptibility to endocrine tumors. The book focuses on syndromes for which the primary gene defect has been well characterized or recently identified. An overview of cloning strategies and gene characterization in cancer is combined with detailed discussions of clinical and molecular features of endocrine neoplastic diseases, including MEN1, MEN2, and Von Hippel–Lindau disease. Also reviewed are studies on the PTEN gene, the first known phosphatase to lead to cancer, and the recent identification of a gene involved in primary pigmented nodular adrenal disease (Carney complex). The authors discuss testing and screening strategies to identify family members at risk and the challenge to develop preventions and cures for these syndromes. Sanjay Datta Childbirth and Pain Relief Next Decade Subtitled "An Anesthesiologist Explains Your Options," this book is devoted to untangling the complexities of childbirth and pain relief during labor and delivery so the expectant mother can make an informed personal choice among the anesthesia and analgesia options available to her, including no medication at all. Author Sanjay Datta, HMS professor of anesthesia at Brigham and Women's Hospital, also describes techniques for cesarean deliveries and difficulties like illness, back problems, and cervical incompetence. He covers four anesthesia techniques: controlled breathing and focus in natural childbirth; injected pain relievers; regional anesthesia and analgesia, including continuous spinal, epidural, and walking epidural; and general anesthesia. In doing so, he notes their advantages and disadvantages. Datta also includes a Q & A section and other resources. Linda J. Heffner Human Reproduction at a Glance Errol Norwitz and John Schorge Obstetrics & Gynecology at a Glance Blackwell Science Two new books in the "At a Glance" series offer concise, well-illustrated overviews aimed at meeting the limited budget of medical students and the limited reading time of physicians in training. Human Reproduction, by Linda Heffner, HMS associate professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive biology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, is divided into two parts; the first covers normal reproduction and the second, reproductive disorders. The book explores human reproductive biology and pathophysiology in 42 separate sections, giving the basic science needed to understand disorders that students will face during clinical Ob/Gyn rotations. Obstetrics & Gynecology, by Errol Norwitz, HMS assistant professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive biology at BWH, and John Schorge of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, is divided into four parts: gynecology, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, gynecologic oncology, and obstetrics. The aim, again, is to provide a summary of all the information students will need for their clinical rotation. David Himmelstein and Steffie Woolhandler with Ida Hellander Bleeding the Patient: The Consequences of Corporate Health Care Common Courage Press David Himmelstein and Steffie Woolhandler, both HMS associate professors of medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, cofounded Physicians for a National Health Program in 1987. In their book, they argue that a national, single-payer health system would be less expensive and more efficient than the current fragmented U.S. system comprising private insurance plans, Medicare, Medicaid, and millions of uninsured Americans. They cite research to back their contention that although the U.S. spends the most per capita on health care of any country, the money is allocated unfairly and spent inefficiently, with too little going to effective patient care. By comparison, they examine the Canadian health system, which covers all citizens, spends half as much per capita on health care as the U.S. and, by most measures, provides care of equal quality. Finally, the authors sketch a vision for a national health program in the U.S. J. Allan Hobson and Jonathan A. Leonard Out of Its Mind: Psychiatry in Crisis Perseus Publishing Written to spur major changes in psychiatry, Out of Its Mind looks at what is wrong with the field of psychiatry today, how it got that way, and what can be done to fix it. Allan Hobson, HMS professor of psychiatry at the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, and freelance writer Jonathan Leonard demonstrate that psychiatry suffers from a lack of public confidence and a severe "split-personality" disorder in which traditional humanistic therapy is often poorly coordinated with or divorced from more recent biological and pharmacological approaches. They emphasize the need for a neurodynamic approach—one that combines the lessons of neuroscience with therapeutic methods that involve close doctor–patient relationships. The authors draw from recent advances in cognitive therapy, brain science, animal behavior, and genetics to explore the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental ills. Harvey P. Katz Telephone Medicine: Triaging and Training for Primary Care F.A. Davis Company Good communication is vital for both patients and health professionals. Telephone Medicine focuses on clinic–patient relations centering on the telephone. Though the phone can help bridge the gap between patients and doctors, it is also frequently the cause of complaints. The problems surrounding telephone communications often involve volume overload and lack of training. Harvey Katz, HMS associate clinical professor of ambulatory care and prevention, seeks to improve the phone techniques of medical staff who communicate directly with patients. His book provides instructions on how to deal with patients, both children and adults, who describe myriad symptoms. The book also serves as a guide to improving phone skills through role-playing exercises. Karin B. Michels and Kristine Napier The Gift of Health: The Complete Pregnancy Diet for Your Baby's Wellness—from Birth Through Adulthood Pocket Books Growing medical and scientific evidence suggests a woman's diet during pregnancy can affect her baby's susceptibility to chronic diseases. The Gift of Health describes the fetal origins of these disorders and how pregnant women might be able to modify their womb chemistry to reduce their child's odds for developing such adult diseases as breast cancer, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and psychiatric and behavioral disorders. Karin Michels, HMS assistant professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive biology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Kristine Napier, a nutritionist, discuss the importance of specific prenatal nutrients and nutritional priorities, along with meal plans for each trimester of pregnancy. More than 100 recipes are included in the book. Julie K. Silver Post-polio Syndrome: A Guide for Polio Survivors and Their Families Yale University Press Post-polio syndrome, a term coined in the 1980s, refers to a pattern of fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and new muscle weakness that began to be reported in the U.S. during the 1970s by people who had recovered from polio decades earlier. Though the complaints were a mystery at first, the constellation of symptoms had been described in the medical literature in France as far back as the late 19th century. Julie Silver, HMS assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, opens her book on the syndrome by looking back at the polio epidemic, which peaked in 1952. That was three years before full-scale vaccination began. The last reported case in the U.S. came in 1979, Silver says. But the success against polio is, in part, what has frustrated post-polio syndrome sufferers: the disease is all but forgotten, but their new round of disabling symptoms is ever present. In an effort to rebalance the perspective on polio, Silver focuses on the need for further research and treatment, and she guides patients and their families in dealing with issues like chronic pain, difficulty with breathing and swallowing, loss of mobility, and insurance and disability benefits. Terry C. Pellmar and Leon Eisenberg, Editors Bridging Disciplines in the Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Sciences National Academy Press A report by the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Building Bridges in the Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Sciences, this book is a response to the compelling links between disease and behavioral and neural processes revealed by the biomedical advances of recent decades. "These advances make it clear that fuller understanding demands the integration of knowledge and concepts from multiple disciplines," writes co-editor and committee chair Leon Eisenberg, the Maude and Lillian Presley professor emeritus of social medicine at HMS. To that end, the report explores strategies for interdisciplinary training to support translational research, examines barriers to these interdisciplinary activities, and identifies elements of model programs that facilitate interdisciplinary training. Cynthia S. Kidder and Brian Skotko Photography by Kendra Dew Common Threads: Celebrating Life with Down Syndrome Band of Angels Press A new coffee-table book of short personal stories, black-and-white photos, and brief summaries of current research reflects the growing reality for many parents: children with Down syndrome often can accomplish much more than predicted by their pediatricians. More important to the parents, children, authors, and photographer are the lessons and joys of inclusion and acceptance learned as they raise and observe children "who learn and live a bit differently." Co-author Brian Skotko, a first-year HMS student who has a younger sister with Down syndrome, rewrote personal anecdotes about inspiring successes in a variety of areas—arts, athletics, sibling relationships, education, friends, spirituality, and community leadership. "Every life presents possibilities and potential," says parent Sherry Viola. "Our wonder-filled journey can either be spent celebrating the scenery along the route or grieving the path not taken." A. Gregory Sorensen and Peter Reimer Cerebral MR Perfusion Imaging: Principles and Current Applications Theime Many diseases of the brain can be better diagnosed and perhaps even better managed by assessing capillary blood flow in the brain, say the authors of Cerebral MR Perfusion Imaging. The basic technique is to inject a gadolinium chelate and acquire images rapidly as the main concentration of contrast agent passes through the blood vessels in the brain, which can be performed with most up-to-date clinical scanners. Other areas are being investigated, but so far perfusion imaging seems most useful clinically for evaluating strokes and neoplasms. The authors, Gregory Sorensen, HMS associate professor of radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital, and German medical leader Peter Reimer predict that perfusion MR imaging may attract new patient populations and disease cases to those radiologists who fully understand the techniques. The book aims to familiarize readers with the principles of perfusion MR imaging, the contrast agents, imaging protocols, postprocessing of images, integrating diffusion MR imaging, and challenges and opportunities. Tucked into the back cover is a CD that includes software for postprocessing images, as well as examples of the applications of these tools.